{"id":76,"date":"2016-02-22T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-02-22T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/?p=76"},"modified":"2017-04-15T08:28:02","modified_gmt":"2017-04-15T08:28:02","slug":"zalohovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/zalohovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Zálohování? Nejradši bych to na\u0159ídil povinn\u011b (aktualizov\u00e1no)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"zalohovani\"<\/a>Provoz informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u201cPe\u010dovatelsk\u00e1 slu\u017eba\u201d je z technick\u00e9ho hlediska v podstat\u011b jen po\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed dat a pr\u00e1ce s \u00fadaji, kter\u00e9 jsme po\u0159\u00eddili. Nechci zab\u00edhat do technick\u00fdch podrobnost\u00ed, tak\u017ee jen uvedu, \u017ee data se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed do tzv. datab\u00e1ze a ta je um\u00edst\u011bna jako soubor (resp. dva soubory, abychom byli \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159esn\u00ed) na pevn\u00e9m disku po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Kter\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee kdykoliv rozb\u00edt. Co tedy s t\u00edm, abychom o data nep\u0159i\u0161li?<\/p>\n

Co se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t \u2013 selh\u00e1n\u00ed hardware<\/h2>\n

Pevn\u00fd disk po\u010d\u00edta\u010de je bu\u010f rotuj\u00edc\u00ed deska \u2013 plotna, nebo v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b SSD disk\u016f kus k\u0159em\u00edku s ulo\u017een\u00fdmi daty. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je to sou\u010d\u00e1stka, kterou d\u011blali lidi<\/em>. To, \u017ee data na disku byla v\u010dera je\u0161t\u011b neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee tam budou i z\u00edtra. M\u011b se doma nap\u0159\u00edklad po bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fdch \u010dty\u0159ech letech porouchal disk, na kter\u00e9m jsem m\u011bl v\u0161echny rodinn\u00e9 fotky za asi p\u011bt let. Jen tak, s\u00e1m od sebe. Ten disk se musel zaslat do specializovan\u00e9 firmy, kter\u00e1 z n\u011bj data zachr\u00e1nila a cel\u00e9 to st\u00e1lo 6000,- K\u010d.<\/p>\n

Jednomu z m\u00fdch z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f uhodil do provozovny blesk a vinou obrovsk\u00e9ho p\u0159ep\u011bt\u00ed a r\u00e1zu mu ode\u0161la v podstat\u011b ve\u0161ker\u00e1 elektronika. Nejprve tedy vzala zasv\u00e9 ta elektronika, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 zbytek syst\u00e9mu chr\u00e1nit, a potom zbytek syst\u00e9mu \"Mrkaj\u00edc\u00ed. Co\u017e o to, v\u011bci byly poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9, jen\u017ee nov\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kter\u00fd se koupil byl \u2026 prost\u011b nov\u00fd. Bez dat, bez pr\u00e1ce za n\u011bkolik let.<\/p>\n

Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bc je taky str\u010dit do po\u010d\u00edta\u010de flashdisk \u2013 nejl\u00e9pe zep\u0159edu \u2013 a pak do n\u011bj kopnout nebo na n\u011bj \u0161l\u00e1pnout. Doporu\u010duji podpatkem. Rad\u011bji to nezkou\u0161ejte \u2013 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 jist\u011b odd\u011bl\u00e1te ten samotn\u00fd flash disk, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b i USB port v po\u010d\u00edta\u010di a kdy\u017e budete hodn\u011b \u0161ikovn\u00ed, pak i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desku po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, procesor a disk s daty.<\/p>\n

\u00dapln\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed jsou na to notebooky. Sta\u010d\u00ed je p\u0159i p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed tu a tam upustit, nebo je d\u00e1t v aut\u011b do kufru a pak s t\u00edm autem lehce nabourat a v\u0161echna data jsou pry\u010d.<\/p>\n

Co se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t \u2013 kr\u00e1de\u017e po\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/h2>\n

Tohle je dob\u0159e zdokumentovan\u00e9 na firemn\u00edm facebooku, tak\u017ee to tady nebudu opisovat, jen se odk\u00e1\u017eu na skute\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh<\/a>. A v\u011b\u0159te \u2013 nev\u011b\u0159te, nen\u00ed jedin\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Co se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t \u2013 lidsk\u00e1 chyba<\/h2>\n

Kolikr\u00e1t u\u017e p\u0159i\u0161el po\u010d\u00edta\u010d z opravy \u2013 kompletn\u011b bez dat. Kolik mi u\u017e volalo unaven\u00fdch IT technik\u016f, \u017ee n\u011bco \u201czma\u010dkli\u201d omylem, kolik bylo k tomu protelefonov\u00e1no a naps\u00e1no e-mail\u016f \u2013 to se snad ani ned\u00e1 spo\u010d\u00edtat. Faktem je, \u017ee ani posl\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de do opravy \u010di n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva technika na m\u00edst\u011b nemus\u00ed znamenat, \u017ee o sv\u00e1 data nep\u0159ijdete.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed kritickou operac\u00ed b\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bna star\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010de za nov\u00fd, pokud jde o po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, na n\u011bm\u017e byla data. Sta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00e1 nepozornost v pr\u016fb\u011bhu migrace, a na ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed je zad\u011bl\u00e1no.<\/p>\n

Co se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t \u2013 viry, malware a jin\u00e1 computerov\u00e1 hav\u011b\u0165<\/h2>\n

T\u0159eba\u017ee t\u00edmto stra\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobci antivirov\u00fdch program\u016f prakticky denn\u011b, mus\u00edm poctiv\u011b uv\u00e9st, \u017ee ze sv\u00e9 praxe nepamatuji p\u0159\u00edpad, kdy by kv\u016fli napaden\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00fdm programem p\u0159i\u0161el z\u00e1kazn\u00edk o data z aplikace \u201cPe\u010dovatelsk\u00e1 slu\u017eba\u201d. \u010cili toto jako p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 re\u00e1ln\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nevn\u00edm\u00e1m. Na druhou stranu v\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee jist\u011b nechcete b\u00fdt prvn\u00ed, komu se to povede.<\/del><\/p>\n

Tak bohu\u017eel, v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 k 15. 4. 2017 u\u017e neplat\u00ed. N\u011bkolika m\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm napadly v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b po\u010d\u00edta\u010de viry (tzv. ransomware<\/a>), za\u0161ifrovaly jim cel\u00fd disk a jedin\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm bylo obnovit data ze z\u00e1lohy v cloudu – pokud takov\u00e1 z\u00e1loha existovala<\/strong><\/span>. Pokud z\u00e1loha neexistovala, ztratili u\u017eivatel\u00e9 svoji n\u011bkolikaletou pr\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n

Co se proti tomu d\u00e1 d\u011blat \u2013 z\u00e1loha na m\u00edstn\u00ed disk<\/h2>\n

Z\u00e1lohovat data na m\u00edstn\u00ed disk je proces, kter\u00fd V\u00e1m asi nejv\u00edce ze v\u0161eho dod\u00e1 fale\u0161n\u00fd pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/u><\/em><\/strong>. Proto\u017ee um\u00edstit z\u00e1lohu na t\u00fd\u017e disk, na kter\u00e9m jsou ostr\u00e1 data, to znamen\u00e1 m\u00edt v\u0161echna vejce v jedin\u00e9m ko\u0161\u00edku. Nebo\u0165:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b selh\u00e1n\u00ed hardware p\u0159ijdete jak o data, tak o z\u00e1lohy<\/li>\n
  • v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b kr\u00e1de\u017ee p\u0159ijdete jak o data, tak o z\u00e1lohy<\/li>\n
  • v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b lidsk\u00e9 chyby p\u0159ijdete jak o data, tak o z\u00e1lohy<\/li>\n
  • a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vir\u016f tam je to sporn\u00e9, tam byste mohl ze z\u00e1loh n\u011bjak\u00e1 data dostat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Jin\u00fdmi slovy \u201cm\u00edstn\u00ed\u201d z\u00e1loha je takov\u00e1 z\u00e1loha pro chud\u00e9, je to z\u00e1loha \u201caby n\u011bco bylo\u201d a up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u2013 uplat\u0148uje se sp\u00ed\u0161e v situac\u00edch, kdy mus\u00edme vr\u00e1tit \u201cv\u010derej\u0161\u00ed\u201d data kv\u016fli n\u011bjak\u00e9 chyb\u011b oper\u00e1tora.<\/p>\n

    \u2026 nebo na cloud?<\/h2>\n

    Jedin\u00e9 spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je tedy to, co n\u00e1m zb\u00fdv\u00e1. Z\u00e1lohovat data n\u011bkam jinam<\/u><\/em><\/strong>. Vypalov\u00e1n\u00ed CD se dnes ji\u017e prakticky nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. P\u0159i kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed na extern\u00ed disk \u010di USB flash na to mus\u00edte myslet (nebo tam tu flashku m\u00edt str\u010denou napo\u0159\u00e1d, ale pak je to taky m\u00edstn\u00ed z\u00e1loha). P\u0159i kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1loh na po\u010d\u00edta\u010d vedle v m\u00edstnosti jsme ji\u017e pravda chr\u00e1n\u011bni o n\u011bco v\u00edce jak proti kr\u00e1de\u017ei, tak proti selh\u00e1n\u00ed, ale st\u00e1le to nen\u00ed ono.<\/p>\n

    A pr\u00e1v\u011b proto nab\u00edz\u00edm exkluzivn\u011b sv\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v podob\u011b syst\u00e9mu pro z\u00e1lohov\u00e1n\u00ed dat z programu na cloud. Tohle \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed sest\u00e1v\u00e1 ze \u010dty\u0159 komponent:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Program, kter\u00fd v pravideln\u00fdch intervalech a s\u00e1m data z\u00e1lohuje, \u0161ifruje a p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na cloud. Nen\u00ed tedy nutn\u00e9 se\u00a0 o nic starat.<\/li>\n
    2. Prostor na cloudov\u00e9m \u00falo\u017ei\u0161ti, kter\u00fd je jenom V\u00e1\u0161 a kam se z\u00e1lohy dat umis\u0165uj\u00ed.<\/li>\n
    3. Z\u00e1lohy z\u00e1loh.<\/li>\n
    4. A kone\u010dn\u011b monitoring, kdy osobn\u011b na ty z\u00e1lohy dohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edm, a pokud snad neprob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u0161e jak m\u00e1, tak telefonuji z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm a probl\u00e9m \u0159e\u0161\u00edme.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Statistiky za dobu, kdy to d\u011bl\u00e1m, hovo\u0159\u00ed docela jasn\u011b: Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0161est\u00fd z\u00e1kazn\u00edk ulo\u017een\u00e9 z\u00e1lohy opravdu pot\u0159ebuje. A cena? Sm\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch 80,- K\u010d + DPH za m\u011bs\u00edc.<\/p>\n

      Pokud tuto slu\u017ebu je\u0161t\u011b nem\u00e1te, ozv\u011bte se pros\u00edm, a j\u00e1 to pro V\u00e1s r\u00e1d za\u0159\u00edd\u00edm. Jak p\u00ed\u0161u v \u00favodu \u2013 nejrad\u011bji bych to na\u0159\u00eddil v\u0161em povinn\u011b, ale to bohu\u017eel nem\u016f\u017eu. Jsou to toti\u017e Va\u0161e data, o kter\u00e1 jde v tomto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Provoz informa\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u201cPe\u010dovatelsk\u00e1 slu\u017eba\u201d je z technick\u00e9ho hlediska v podstat\u011b jen po\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed dat a pr\u00e1ce s \u00fadaji, kter\u00e9 jsme po\u0159\u00eddili. Nechci zab\u00edhat do technick\u00fdch podrobnost\u00ed, tak\u017ee jen uvedu, \u017ee data se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed do tzv. datab\u00e1ze a ta je um\u00edst\u011bna jako soubor (resp. dva soubory, abychom byli \u00fapln\u011b p\u0159esn\u00ed) na pevn\u00e9m disku po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Kter\u00fd se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[18,7,19,17],"class_list":["post-76","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-obecne-informace","tag-backup","tag-bezpecnost","tag-cloud","tag-zalohovani"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=76"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":318,"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76\/revisions\/318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=76"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pecovatelska.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=76"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}